![]() These publications showed a significant attempt by the Sikh intelligentsia and bodies to develop appropriate code of conduct reflective of the Sikh philosophy. ![]() Finally Sikh Rahit Maryada was brought out by the SGPC in 1945. In 1915, Chief Khalsa Diwan published Gurmat Parkash Bhag Sanskar while Teja Singh Bhasaur published Khalsa Rahit Parkash in 1911 and Bhai Jodh Singh’s Gurmati Niranay was published in 1932. Budh Singh published Khalsa Dharm Shatak in 1876, Kahn Singh Nabha wrote Raj Dharm (1884), Ham Hindu Nahin (1898) and Mahan Kosh (1930), Gurmat Sudhakar (1898 Hindi, 1901 Punjabi). McLeod, several books were published during this period that attempted to provide a renaissance to the faith. There was no standard rehat but there were many with the same points and concepts, like the Muktinamah (ਮੁਕਤੀਨਾਮਾਹ), Rehatnamah (ਰਹਿਤਨਾਮਾਹ), Tankhahnamah (ਤਨਖਾਹਨਾਮਾਹ), 54 Hukams (੫੪ ਹੁਕਮ) etc. A range of other codes and collections of tradition existed, which were corrected in 1898 by Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, who collected all the old Rehat Namas and removed spurious references to the Sanatan dharma. These Nirmala and Udasi Sikhs introduced vedic concepts into the Sikh Rehat, which led sectarianism in the absence of no centralized authority apart from that arranged under British rule from 1849. The control of Sikh Gurdwaras and affairs fell into the hands of Udasis and Nirmala Sikh, who had embraced vedic philosophy. However, for the next almost 100 years, persecution at the hands of Mughal rulers put the affairs of Sikh faith into disarray. William Hewat McLeod, these set of rules were transcribed into the Rehatnamas by Sikh scholars Bhai Nand Lal, Bhai Dessa Singh, Bhai Chaupa Singh, Bhai Daya Singh and Bhai Prahlad Singh. The 52 Hukams are a set of 52 rules on proper conduct. Before his death, Guru Gobind Singh provided what is known as 52 Hukams and instructed his followers to formalize them by writing Rehat Namas. Before the passing of the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, in 1708, he transferred the Guruship and authority to the Sikh Holy Scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, and the body of initiated Sikhs, called the Khalsa Panth. ![]()
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